NCERT Class 7 Maths Chapter 2
Arithmetic Expressions
This chapter from Ganita Prakash Part 1 guides CBSE Class 7 students in understanding and evaluating arithmetic expressions using the correct order of operations. Students learn about the BODMAS rule (Brackets, Order, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction), how to use brackets to change the order of operations, and how to write and simplify expressions involving multiple operations.
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Key Terms
- Arithmetic Expression
- A combination of numbers and mathematical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) without an equals sign, such as 3 + 5 × 2.
- BODMAS
- A rule specifying the order in which operations should be performed in an arithmetic expression: Brackets first, then Orders (powers/roots), then Division and Multiplication (left to right), then Addition and Subtraction (left to right).
- Order of Operations
- The agreed-upon sequence for evaluating parts of a mathematical expression to ensure a unique, correct answer. BODMAS defines this order.
- Brackets
- Symbols used in mathematics to group parts of an expression that should be evaluated first. Types include round brackets ( ), square brackets [ ], and curly brackets { }.
- Simplification
- The process of performing all operations in an expression following the correct order to obtain a single numerical value.
- Vinculum
- A horizontal bar placed over a group of numbers or an expression to indicate they should be treated as a single unit, similar to brackets. Example: 2 + 3̄ means evaluate 2+3 first.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the BODMAS rule and how is it used?▾
BODMAS stands for Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction. It tells you the order in which to perform operations in an expression. Always solve brackets first, then powers/roots, then divide and multiply from left to right, and finally add and subtract from left to right.
What is the value of 12 + 8 × 3 – 6?▾
Using BODMAS, perform multiplication first: 8 × 3 = 24. Then left to right: 12 + 24 – 6 = 36 – 6 = 30. The answer is 30.
Why do we need brackets in arithmetic expressions?▾
Brackets are used to change the standard order of operations, indicating that the operations inside them must be performed first. For example, (3 + 5) × 2 = 16, but without brackets 3 + 5 × 2 = 13, giving a different answer.
What is the difference between an expression and an equation?▾
An expression is a combination of numbers and operations without an equals sign, such as 4 + 3 × 2. An equation has an equals sign and shows that two expressions are equal, such as 4 + 3 × 2 = 10.
How do you simplify 36 ÷ (4 + 2) × 3?▾
Step 1 — solve the bracket: 4 + 2 = 6. Step 2 — the expression becomes 36 ÷ 6 × 3. Step 3 — division and multiplication left to right: 36 ÷ 6 = 6, then 6 × 3 = 18. The answer is 18.
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