NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 10
The Constitution of India: An Introduction
The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the land, laying down the framework for the country's governance and guaranteeing fundamental rights to citizens. This chapter introduces the making of the Indian Constitution, its key features, and the Preamble. Students will understand how the Constitution guides India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic.
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Key Terms
- Constitution
- The supreme law of a country that defines the framework of the government, the rights and duties of citizens, and the principles on which the country is governed.
- Preamble
- The introductory statement of the Indian Constitution that outlines its objectives — justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity — and describes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic.
- Fundamental Rights
- Basic rights guaranteed to all citizens of India by the Constitution, including the right to equality, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to constitutional remedies.
- Constituent Assembly
- The body of elected representatives that drafted the Indian Constitution between 1946 and 1949, chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the chairman of the drafting committee.
- Directive Principles of State Policy
- Guidelines in the Indian Constitution that direct the government to promote social and economic welfare, though not enforceable in courts, they guide policy-making.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Constitution and why is it important?▾
A Constitution is the supreme law of a country that defines how the government will be organized, what powers it will have, and what rights citizens will enjoy. It is important because it prevents misuse of power and ensures justice and equality.
When was the Indian Constitution adopted?▾
The Indian Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949, and came into effect on January 26, 1950. January 26 is celebrated as Republic Day to mark this occasion.
What does the Preamble to the Indian Constitution say?▾
The Preamble describes India as a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic and pledges to secure for all citizens Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity.
Who was Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and what was his role?▾
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution and is often called the Father of the Indian Constitution. He played the most important role in drafting and shaping the Constitution.
What are Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution?▾
Fundamental Rights are basic rights guaranteed to all citizens, including Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, and Right to Constitutional Remedies. They are enforceable in courts.
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